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【Objective】 To investigate the risk factors and clinical significance of incidental prostate cancer (IPCa) in patients undergoing radical cystoprostatectomy (PCR). 【Methods】 The clinicopathological data of 260 patients undergoing RCP in our hospital during Jan. 2010 and Jan. 2022 were retrospectively analyzed, including 39 cases of IPCa detected with postoperative pathology, and 221 non-IPCa cases. 【Results】 The detection rate of IPCa was 15%. Univariate logistic regression analysis showed age (P<0.001), smoking (P<0.05), T stage (P<0.05), number of tumors (P<0.05), involvement of trigone (P<0.05), prostate volume (P<0.05), and preoperative total prostate-specific antigen (tPSA) (P<0.05) were influencing factors of prostate cancer. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age (OR=1.061, 95%CI: 1.021-1.107, P=0.004), smoking (OR=2.852, 95%CI: 1.296-6.677, P=0.012), involvement of trigone(OR=2.967, 95%CI: 2.365-3.657, P=0.019) and preoperative tPSA (OR=1.109, 95%CI: 1.011-1.223, P=0.030) were independent risk factors of IPCa. 【Conclusion】 Advanced age, smoking, bladder tumor in trigone and preoperative PSA abnormality are risk factors for incidental prostate cancer in bladder cancer patients.
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Objective:To investigate characteristics of the 18F-flurodeoxyglucose ( 18F-FDG) uptake intensity and ranges in distinct hepatic alveolar echinococcosis lesions. Methods:The clinical data of 39 patients with position emission tomography during Jan 2017 to Dec 2019 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University were enrolled. Among them, there were 17 males and 22 females, aging from 15 to 65 years (median 34 years). Lesions were classified into six groups based on heterogenic scales of calcification and liquefaction: A. non-calcified and non-liquefied ( n=7); B. obvious calcified and non-liquefied ( n=7); C. partial calcified and partial liquefied( n=10); D. obvious calcified and partial liquefied ( n=5); E. partial calcified and subtotal liquefied ( n=5); F. obvious calcified and subtotal liquefied ( n=5). Tumor to background ratio (TBR) and width (W) of lesion infiltrative boundary were measured and calculated. Statistical comparison using Mann-Whitney U test as well as correlation analysis was performed. Results:TBR values [ M( Q1, Q3)] for each group were 4.40(3.66, 7.03), 2.55(1.69, 3.60), 3.73(3.37, 5.21), 2.90(2.75, 3.60), 3.80(3.49, 6.36), 2.49(2.21, 3.97), among which A>B, A>D, A>F, C>B, E>B ( U=3.0, 4.0, 4.5, 11.0, 5.0, all P<0.05); From the perspective of the calcification in each group, it was found that the lighter the calcification was, the greater the TBR value was. W values [ M( Q1, Q3)] for each group were [12.5(10.0, 19.5), 11.2(10.5, 12.5), 12.2(10.9, 13.2), 7.8(7.3, 9.3), 10.0(7.3, 13.4), 7.3(6.8, 7.6)] mm, among which A>D, A>F, B>D, B>F, C>D, C>F (all U=0, all P<0.05); According to the degree of calcification and liquefaction of lesions in each group, the lighter the calcification was, the greater the W value was; The heavier the liquefaction was, the smaller the W value was. A mild strength linear correlation has been observed between the TBR value and W value ( r=0.4136, P<0.05). Conclusions:Less calcification and liquefaction implicated higher 18F-FDG uptake intensity and wider range. Radical resection margins and tissue sampling should be individualized based on different lesion features in surgical treatment.
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The new type coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a contagious disease of severe lung inflammation induced by 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). The World Health Organization (WHO) nomenclature of the newly discovered coronavirus was 2019-nCoV and the disease caused by 2019-nCoV was named COVID-19 on January 12, 2020. After 2019-nCoV invasion into a human body, it can stimulate the human immune system and engender a large number of cytokines, triggering a cytokine storm, resulting in severe infection, acute lung injury, multiple organ dysfunction, etc. Therefore, theoretically, the removal of over-production of cytokines can avoid the occurrence of cytokine storm and reduce the incidence of severe critical COVID-19 and serious poor prognosis. In this review, the authors systematically reviewed the past published reports related to the occurrence of cytokine storm in sepsis resulting in deterioration of disease situation, and recently they analyzed the therapeutic effects of patients with severe critical COVID-19 using endotoxin adsorption membrane for treatment in the disease course, further providing the effective clinical evidence of applying endotoxin adsorption membrane for treatment of COVID-19.
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Sepsis 3.0 is defined as a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by the host' uncontrol response to infection, with poor prognosis, high morbidity and fatality. Sepsis is one of the main causes of death in severe patients. As lack of comprehensive recognition of its pathogenesis, there were not specific treatment on it. It is reported that the T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain-containing molecule (Tim) of Tim-1 play critical role in sepsis inflammation, immune tolerance and apoptosis, which is relative specific factor in assessment of sepsis prognostic and treatment efficiency, indicating that it could be a novel target in sepsis as well as provide a novel direction. This article mainly stated the discovery, structure, distribution and immune effect of Tim-1 as well as the possible role of TIM-1in immunosuppression, lymphocyte proliferation and apoptosis, in order to provide reference for further research the treatment of sepsis.
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Sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction (SIMD) has a high morbidity and mortality, and seriously threatens human health. However, the pathogenesis of the SIMD is still unclear. The previous studies have showed that the SIMD can adversely affect cardiac function through a variety of direct or indirect mechanism, such as autonomic nervous system function damage, pro-inflammatory mediators and activated immune cells induced cardiomyopathy. There is no uniform diagnostic criteria and treatment options. A stable and reliable animal model plays important role in the study that determine the pathogenesis, pathophysiological processes and treatment of SIMD. At present, there are many animal models of cardiac dysfunction caused by sepsis, unfortunately there is no stable, reliable and specific animal model at present. Therefore, it is important to construct a stable and reliable model for studying SIMD. The unified standard of cardiac dysfunction is conducive to the integration and further research. This review focused on pathogenesis of SIMD, routine ways of animal model of SIMD, observation index and basic research to provide references for the researcher to choose the proper animal model.
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Objeetive To investigate the clinical efficacy of inverted intmmedullary nail combined with medial minimally invasive plate in treatment of type C2 and C3 distal femoral fractures.Methods A retrospective case control study was conducted on 38 patients with complex distal fractures of the femur treated from January 2015 to January 2017.There were 22 males and 16 females,aged 24-72 years [(45.6 ± 2.5)years].AO fracture classification was type C2 in 24 patients and type C3 in 14.All of them were fresh closed fractures.The time duration from injury to operation was 4-16 days (average,7.5 days).Based on the different surgical methods,the patients were divided into lateral single plate fixation group (single plate group,20 patients) and inverted intramedullary nail combined with medial minimally invasive locked plate fixation group (locked plate group,18 patients).The two groups were compared in terms of operation condition,early weight bearing time,fracture healing time,postoperative complications,postoperative knee function and activity of living.Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) score was used for evaluating postoperative knee function and Barthel index for activity of living.Results The patients were followed up for 10-24 months [(12.2 ± 1.8) months].The operation duration was (110.5 ± 35.4) min for single plate group and (116.7 ± 42.3) min min for locked plate group(P ＞0.05).Intraoperative blood loss in single plate group was [(450.5 ± 120.7)ml] and [(455.2 ± 130.4) ml] in locked plate group (P ＞ 0.05).The early weight bearing time in single plate group was (28.5 ± 8.6)days and 18.7 ± 4.9 (P ＜ 0.01)days in the locked plate group.The fracture healing time in single plate group was (8.5 ± 2.2) months,and [(6.5 ± 1.6) months] in locked plate group (P ＜ 0.01).After 3 weeks,6 months and 12 months,HSS scores of knee joint function of the locked plate group was significantly better than that of single plate group (P ＜ 0.01).At 6 months and 12 months after operation,Barthel index score of locked plate group was significantly better than that of single plate group (P ＜ 0.01).No infection occurred in two groups after operation.There were no complications such as internal fixation failure,knee valgus,external rotation deformity or fat embolism in locked plate group.There were two cases of internal fixation failure,one knee eversion,and two knee varus in single plate group (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Compared with single plate fixation,the therapeutic method of inverted intramedullary nail combined with medial minimally invasive locked plate has the advantages of early weight bearing time,quick recovery,better function restoration and fewer complications,and hence is a preferable choice for treatment of type C2 and C3 complex distal femoral fractures.
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In this study, retrospective multi-center study on medical records of Uyghur Medicine diagnosis and treatment program of common cold was done and demographic, diagnostic, therapeutic, efficacy evaluation and nursing data and other information were collected, sorted out and analyzed to determine the diagnostic cretiria of Uygur Medicine syndrome factors. Syndrome differentiation standard with the syndrome factors of the enrties of main syndromes and sub-syndromes and symptomatic diagnosis chart was established. Combined with the symptoms of common cold, the efficacy evaluation standards were established. On this basis, in accordance with the technical requirements of the national new medicine review, the study developed clinical research guidelines for the treatment of common cold with new Uyghur Medicine (draft).
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In this article, retrospective multi-center study on medical records of Uyghur Medicine diagnosis and treatment program of acne vulgaris was done and demographic, diagnostic, therapeutic, efficacy evaluation and nursing data and other information were collated and analyzed. The main and secondary disease manifestations of acne vulgaris were analyzed inductively and acne vulgaris was divided into 3 types in Uyghur Medicine field, which are blood-type acne vulgaris, yellow bile-type acne vulgaris, and astringent mucus-type acne vulgaris. Uyghur Medicine syndrome type standards of acne vulgaris were established. At the same time, through evaluating skin integrity and morphology of lesions as well as changes in patients’ symptoms and quality of life and observing changes in patients’ internal environment respectively before and after treatment, disease and syndrome clinical criteria of acne vulgaris were established. On this basis, in accordance with the technical requirements of the national medicine review, this study developed clinical research guidelines for the treatment of acne vulgaris with new Uyghur Medicine.
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This research conducted retrospective multi-center study on medical records of Uyghur Medicine diagnosis and treatment program of shingles, and collected information about demography, diagnostics, and therapeutics, efficacy evaluation and nursing to conclude and analyze the main syndromes and sub-disease performance. Shingles was divided into 3 types in Uyghur Medicine field: abnormal blood type shingles, abnormal bile liquid type shingles, and abnormal black choledochal typeshingles. Uighur Medicine syndrome type standards of shingles were established. Rash suspended time, rash dry scab time, the pain start to ease time interval, time completely pain, pain bounce rate, the incidence of postherpetic neuralgia, and PHN recovery time were evaluated. Disease and syndrome clinical criteria of shingles were established by evaluating Uygur Medical symptoms improvement, improvement of patients’ life quality and the changes in patients’ internal environment. On this basis, in accordance with the technical requirements of the national medicine review, the research developed clinical research guidelines for the treatment of shingles with new Uyghur Medicine (draft).
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Objective To investigate the exfoliative cell HPV infection situation,genotype distibution and charactristics among female population in Kashgar area.Methods The cervical exfoliated cells specimens were collected from 1548 women,and 23 genotypes of HPV were detected by using the PCR reverse dot blot hybridization method.The HPV infection situation and its genotypes were analyzed.Results The HPV infection positive rate was 33.33% (485/1 548),in which the HPV-16 infection rate was 10.3%;HPV52 infection rate was 9.9%;HPV58 infection rate was 7.6%,HPV53 infection rate was 7.2%;the single subtype infection rate was was 66.8%,the multiple infection rate was 33.2%;the HPV infection rate was highest(43.3%) in female population aged 41-50 years old,which was extremely higher than that in other age groups(P<0.05).Conclusion The HPV infection among female population of Kashgar area is dominated by HPV16,the HPV infection rate is highest in female population aged aged 41-50 years old,which provides a theoretical basis for the HPV prevention and control work of related departments in Kashgar area.
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Based on medical ethics, retrospective multi-center study on medical records of Uyghur Medicine diagnosis and treatment program of hyperlipidemia was done and demographic, diagnostic, therapeutic, efficacy evaluation, nursing data and other information were collated. The main and secondary disease manifestations of hyperlipidemia were analyzed inductively and hyperlipidemia were divided into 4 types in Uyghur Medicine field, which were surplus and sticky Kan type, Chuchumal Balgham type, Gaisiman Balgham type, and Koygan Savda type. Therefore, Uighur Medicine syndrome type standards of hyperlipidemia were established. Treatment efficacy was evaluated with the combination of laboratory observation parameters and main and secondary disease manifestations. On this basis, in accordance with the technical requirements of the national medicine review, this study developed clinical research guidelines for the treatment of hyperlipidemia with new Uyghur Medicine (draft).
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In this study, retrospective multi-center study on medical records of Uyghur medicine diagnosis and treatment program of osteoporosis was done and demographic, diagnostic, therapeutic, efficacy evaluation and nursing data and other information were collected. The main and secondary disease manifestations of osteoporosis were analyzed inductively. Osteoporosis was divided into 2 types in Uyghur medicine field, which were abnormal Savda type and abnormal Balgham type. Uighur medicine syndrome type standards of osteoporosis were established. Treatment efficacy was evaluated according to bone pain, bone density, life quality, and improvement of clinical symptoms and Uyghur medical symptoms. On this basis, in accordance with the technical requirements of the national drug review, the study developed clinical research guidelines for the treatment of osteoporosis with new Uyghur medicine (draft).
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Objective To understand the vitamin D status and its possible ethnic differences among Uygur and Han women of childbearing age in a community of Urumqi.Methods Based on the data of 2 080 patients with thyroid disease in a community of Urumqi,which were collected in May 2013,we selected the complete information of 652 Uygur and Han women of childbearing age (between 18-45 years),which included 367 Uygur women [average age (35.14± 6.91) years] and 285 Han women [average age (35.52± 7.10) years].The basic data of height,weight,and waist circumference were recorded.The serum level of 25-hydroxyl vitamin D [25(OH) D] was detected by chemiluminescence method.Results The serum 25(OH) D levels of Uygur and Han were (11.51±6.31) μg/L and (16.43±6.43) μg/L,respectively.The 25(OH)D level in Uygur women was significantly lower than that of Han women (t =-9.800,P＜0.001).The constituent ratio of vitamin D status was significantly different between Uygur and Han women (vitamin D severe deficiency:47.4％ in Uygur women and 12.3％ in Han women),deficiency (44.7％ in Uygur women and 64.6％ in Han women),insufficiency 5.7％ in Uygur women and 17.9％ in Han women),sufficiency (2.2％ in Uygur women and 5.2％ in Han women) (x2 =99.486,P＜0.001).Conclusion Serum 25 (OH) D deficiency is common in Uygur and Han women of childbearing age in Urumqi,especially among Uygur women.
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The multi-central clinical records retrospective survey for psoriasis vulgaris was carried out by collecting related information such as demographic, diagnostics, therapeutics, efficacy evaluation, nursing data, and so on. The Uygur medical differentiation classification standard about psoriasis vulgaris was established and it was divided into four types:abnormal Khan Hilit type, abnormal Sapra Hilit type, abnormal saltness Balgham Hilit type, and abnormal Sawda Hilit type, according to main symptom and secondary symptom feature. The disease efficacy evaluation standard was established based on score of surface area and severity of skin injury combining with the changes of main symptom and secondary symptoms. On the basis, guidelines for clinical research of new drugs of Uygur medicine used in the treatment of psoriasis vulgaris were formulated in accordance with the technical requirements and procedure of national center for drug evaluation.
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Hepatic alveolar echinococcosis (HAE)is a zoonotic parasitic disease that seriously threatens the population in western China and compromises patients′quality of life.With the continuous improvement in radical resection rate in recent years,late-stage HAE pa-tients that were incurable in the past now have the opportunity for radical resection.However,patients who are not suitable candidates for radical resection still suffer from various complications and poor quality of life.Therefore,HAE is still considered a refractory and complex disease.The simple empirical treatment model provided by traditional professional discussion is unable to satisfy the treatment of advanced refractory HAE as it is unable to integrate specialized,standardized clinical skills for diagnosis and treatment.Multidisciplinary individual-ized treatment (MDT)organically integrates the advantages of the available treatment into a reasonable individualized comprehensive treat-ment regimen.This review summarizes the advances in MDT for HAE as the best option to increase long-term survival,and suggests MDT as the first-line treatment for late-stage refractory hepatic alveolar echinococcosis.
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Objective To analyze the use of multidisciplinary team approach (MDT) for advanced and refractory hepatic alveolar echinococcosis in individualized treatment.Methods A retrospective study was conducted on the use of multidisciplinary team approach in individualized diagnosis and treatment for 137 patients with advanced and refractory hepatic alveolar echinococcosis (with invasion of major blood vessels and bile ducts,and/or with lung and brain metastasis) in our hospital from January 2005 to December 2013.The patients were divided into two groups:The MDT group (n =49) and the non-MDT group (n =88).The MDT group was further divided into two subgroups:subgroup A was the surgical treatment group (n =26),and subgroup B was the non-surgical treatment group (n =26).In the subgroup B,13 patients underwent late radical surgery.The non-MDT group was also further divided into two subgroups:subgroup a was the surgical treatment group (n =61),and subgroup b was the non-surgical treatment group (n =27).In subgroup b,5 patients underwent late radical surgery.The time taken to confirm the diagnosis,perioperative hospital stay,operation time,blood loss,postoperative drainage time,postoperative hospital stay,early postoperative complications (pleural and peritoneal effusions,bile leak,anastomotic leak),late postoperative complications (jaundice,anastomotic stenosis,recurrence),and rates of radical surgery were compared between subgroup A and subgroup a.The rates of late radical resection were compared between subgroup B with subgroup b.All data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney rank sum test or the Chi-square test.Results Subgroup A had significantly shorter perioperative hospital stay,postoperative hospital stay,and total length of hospital stay than subgroup a (P ＜ 0.05).The incidence of late postoperative complications (jaundice,anastomotic stenosis,recurrence) was also significantly less than subgroup a (P ＜ 0.05),and the radical surgery rate was significantly higher than subgroup a (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the time taken to confirm the diagnosis,operation time,blood loss,postoperative drainage time,early postoperative complications (pleural and peritoneal effusions,bile leak,anastomotic leak) (P ＜ 0.05) between subgroup A and subgroup a.The ratio of subgroup B receiving chemotherapy alone or drainage + chemotherapy,and the rate of late implement of radical resection were significantly higher than subgroup b (P ＜0.05).Conclusions A multidisciplinary team approach in individualized treatment comprehensively combined the advantages of the effects of drugs,intervention,surgery and systemic nutritional support.The best individualized treatment plan could be used which improved the rates of radical surgery in advanced and refractory hepatic alveolar echinococcosis,reduced postoperative complications,improved quality of life,and offered chances of radical resection in the patients who had lost the opportunities for surgery.
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Retrospective multi-center study on medical records of Uyghur medicine diagnosis and treatment program of eczema was done. Demography, diagnostics, therapeutics, efficacy evaluation and nursing data and other information were collated and analyzed. With analysis and summary of the primary and the secondary symptoms, eczema was divided into four types:blood corruption type (Ofunetlengen Kan Tiplik), blue colored yellow bile type (Zenggereng Sapra Tiplik), abnormal black bile type (Hayri Tabii Savda Hilitlik), and salty phlegm type (Shor Belgem Hilitlik). Uyghur Medicine syndrome differentiation and efficacy evaluation criteria were established. Skin itching, lesion shape, and lesion area integral of patients were scored before and after the treatment, respectively. According to the improvement in symptoms of Uyghur medicine syndrome and life quality of patients, and the internal environment change, evaluation criteria for the efficacy of disease symptom combination were established. On this basis, in accordance with the technical requirements of the national new medicine assessment technology, the study developed clinical research guidelines for the treatment of eczema with new Uyghur medicine.
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Uyghur medicine has not yet had the clinical research guidelines consistent with Uyghur medicine theory for its new medicine. In this research, retrospective multi-center study on medical records of Uyghur medicine diagnosis and treatment program of stable angina was conducted. Data about demography, diagnostics, therapeutics, efficacy evaluation, and nursing were collated and analyzed. Uyghur medicine syndrome diagnosis indicators and their contribution to stable angina were identified, and Uyghur medicine syndrome differentiation criteria were established. Uyghur medicine established its primary and secondary disease syndrome and its symptoms quantization table entries for the syndrome elements of Uyghur medicine syndrome differentiation criteria. Then combined with symptoms of angina and ECG changes, nitroglycerin stop and decrement rate, evaluation criteria for the efficacy of disease symptom combination were established. On this basis, in accordance with the technical requirements of the national new medicine evaluation, the study developed clinical research guidelines for the treatment of stable angina with new Uyghur medicine.
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Object To study the hydroxyl radical scavenging and DNA damage protecting activities of 5 Uighur herbal medicines Euphorbia humifusa Willd , Borago officinalis L, Cassia angustifolia Vahl, Terminalia chebula Retz. and Fomes officinalis (Vill ex Fr ) Bres Methods The hydroxyl radical scavenging action and DNA damage protection action were determined by CuSO 4 Vit C H 2O 2 yeast and CuSO 4 Vit C H 2O 2 phen DNA chemiluminescence systems respectively Results All 5 Uighur medicinal herbs showed hydroxyl radical scavenging and DNA damage protection activities in dose dependent manners Conculsion The hydroxyl radical scavenging and DNA protective effects may possibly be the mechanisms of their antiaging and therapeutic effects against various diseases